Conditions That May Be Benign
Calcifications
Calcifications are tiny buildups of calcium within the breast tissue. Most calcifications are benign (not cancerous) and are simply a sign of aging. Other calcifications are caused by changes in the breast tissue itself, and are most likely not cancer. However, some calcifications could indicate the presence of cancer or a pre-cancerous condition.
To determine whether calcifications may be cancerous, a radiologist will look at the size and shape of the calcifications on a mammogram, as well as the total number present. If the calcifications are localized (in one area of the breast) and are clustered, this may be an indication of a pre-cancerous or cancerous condition.
Benign calcifications tend to be larger, but “microcalcifications” (made of tiny specks of calcium) can be benign or associated with changes that can accompany breast cancer.
Your radiologist (the person who reads your mammogram) might recommend a six-month follow up after detecting microcalcifications. The purpose is to compare two sets of mammograms done six months apart. This helps the radiologist determine whether there have been any changes in the calcifications detected earlier. Comparing these mammograms can give the radiologist information about the likelihood that the calcifications are problematic.
Feeling anxious about waiting six months for your follow-up appointment is normal, but be sure to discuss your concerns with your physician. He or she can clarify the potential risks and benefits of waiting six months for your repeat mammogram.
Fibrocystic Breasts
Fibrocystic breast condition is the most common cause of non-cancerous breast lumps in women between 30 and 50 years of age. More than 50% of women have fibrocystic breast symptoms at some point in their lives.
Fibrocystic breast condition, which is associated with the menstrual cycle, is used to describe a wide variety of breast problems, most of which are not associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. These problems include cysts (fluid-filled lumps), fibrosis (hardening of connective tissue), fibroadenomas (benign lumps) and soreness associated with lumpy breasts. Uncomplicated fibrocystic condition does not increase your risk of developing breast cancer.
The only aspect of a fibrocystic breast condition that has a strong association with increased risk for breast cancer is atypical hyperplasia (growth in size and number of normal cells in an unusual pattern).